Producing an annotated visual representation of key terrain

Creating an annotated visual of key terrain is simple method of giving all relevant parties a clear picture of the ground, threats, and routes. Use a sketch or photo, whatever is most appropriate.

1.Identify Key Terrain

Focus on features that affect the likely mission:

• Elevation: Hills, ridges, depressions.
• Obstacles: Rivers, minefields, dense woods.
• Enemy Positions: Known/suspected locations, bunkers, OPs.
• Approaches: Likely attack, defense, or withdrawal routes.
• Choke Points & Dead Ground: Movement bottlenecks and unseen areas

2.  Annotate Clearly

Mark features so others can understand instantly:

• Labels: Simple names (e.g., “Hill 234,” “Minefield”)
• Grid Refs: Add coordinates for quick map reference.
• Movement Routes: Friendly and enemy avenues.
• Left/Right of Arc: Weapon and unit coverage limits.
• Observation Points: Good positions for viewing or firing.

3. Add Useful Details

Increase clarity and utility:

• Distances: Between key points for scale.
• Terrain Effects: Notes on how terrain or elevation affects movement.
• Enemy Activity: Mark any sightings or indicators.